The blood cell tests deal primarily with variations in the
number of each type of blood cell. The results of these tests may not identify
a specific disease, but they do provide valuable information about the patient's
condition.
There are several general terms associated with the increase or decrease
in the number of each type of blood cell. An overview of these terms is presented
here. The diagnostic significance of this information is detailed in
the discussion of each individual blood cell test.
number of each type of blood cell. The results of these tests may not identify
a specific disease, but they do provide valuable information about the patient's
condition.
There are several general terms associated with the increase or decrease
in the number of each type of blood cell. An overview of these terms is presented
here. The diagnostic significance of this information is detailed in
the discussion of each individual blood cell test.
Variations in the Number of Erythrocytes
Red blood cell disorders are classified as anemia, erythrocytosis, and erythremia.
Anemia is defined as a reduction in the number of circulating red
blood cells due to blood loss; a decreased production of red cells; an increased
destruction of red blood cells; or a deficiency of hemoglobin. Erythrocytosis
is defined as a slight increase in circulating red blood cells,
while erythremia is an excessive increase in circulating red blood cells.
Variations in the number of circulating red blood cells can be caused by
a variety of conditions. However, if the clinician suspects that there is a
problem with the production of red blood cells, a bone marrow aspiration
may be ordered. Bone marrow can be withdrawn from the posterior iliac
crest, anterior iliac crest, and the sternum. Bone marrow aspiration is performed
by a physician and requires written consent from the patient or the
patient's legal representative.
Anemia is defined as a reduction in the number of circulating red
blood cells due to blood loss; a decreased production of red cells; an increased
destruction of red blood cells; or a deficiency of hemoglobin. Erythrocytosis
is defined as a slight increase in circulating red blood cells,
while erythremia is an excessive increase in circulating red blood cells.
Variations in the number of circulating red blood cells can be caused by
a variety of conditions. However, if the clinician suspects that there is a
problem with the production of red blood cells, a bone marrow aspiration
may be ordered. Bone marrow can be withdrawn from the posterior iliac
crest, anterior iliac crest, and the sternum. Bone marrow aspiration is performed
by a physician and requires written consent from the patient or the
patient's legal representative.
Variations in the Number of Leukocytes
White blood cell disorders fall into one of two categories: leukocytosis, a
slight increase in the number of white cells, or leukopenia (leukocytopenia),
a decrease in the number of white cells. Since there are many types of
white blood cells, the cell count of each specific type can indicate a variety
of problems or diagnoses . Specific cell counts and their diagnostic significance
are presented with each blood cell test.
White blood cell disorders fall into one of two categories: leukocytosis, a
slight increase in the number of white cells, or leukopenia (leukocytopenia),
a decrease in the number of white cells. Since there are many types of
white blood cells, the cell count of each specific type can indicate a variety
of problems or diagnoses . Specific cell counts and their diagnostic significance
are presented with each blood cell test.
Variations in the Number of Thrombocytes
Thrombocyte or platelet disorders are classified as thrombocytopenia, a decrease
in the number of platelets, or thrombocytosis, a slight increase in the
number of platelets . An excessive increase in the number of platelets is often
referred to as thrombocythemia. Variations in the number of thrombocytes
can be the result of bone marrow disorders. Thrombocytopenia is the most
common cause of bleeding disorders. Thrombocytosis can be the result of a
variety of conditions such as acute blood loss, following splenectomy, some
anemias, and chronic diseases. Other causes of thrombocytosis are related to
specific hematological disorders, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
in the number of platelets, or thrombocytosis, a slight increase in the
number of platelets . An excessive increase in the number of platelets is often
referred to as thrombocythemia. Variations in the number of thrombocytes
can be the result of bone marrow disorders. Thrombocytopenia is the most
common cause of bleeding disorders. Thrombocytosis can be the result of a
variety of conditions such as acute blood loss, following splenectomy, some
anemias, and chronic diseases. Other causes of thrombocytosis are related to
specific hematological disorders, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
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